Subjunctive I has full forms for every tense (present, past, future) used in formal reported speech.

Passive with a modal verb: modal verb (conjugated) + ... + past participle + werden (infinitive, at the end).

Vorgangspassiv (werden + past participle) expresses a process happening; Zustandspassiv (sein + past participle) expresses the result/state after the action is complete.

'sich lassen + infinitive', 'man' + an active verb, and '-bar'-ending adjectives can all substitute for a passive sentence, especially with the meaning 'can be done'.

An extended participial attribute places the whole modifying phrase before the participle, replacing a relative clause, commonly found in formal writing.

Besides nominalizing the infinitive (das + infinitive, learned at B1), German also has nouns derived from verbs with their own endings (-ung, -tion, -e...), used to compress an entire clause into a noun phrase.

Functional verb constructions are fixed phrases combining a semantically 'light' verb + noun + (preposition), equivalent in meaning to a single verb but more formal.

'umso' can replace 'desto' in the 'je...desto/umso' structure; 'zumal' (especially since) and 'sofern' (provided that) are advanced subordinating conjunctions common in formal writing.

'auch wenn' (even if) expresses a hypothetical concession; 'falls' (in case) is close to 'wenn' but emphasizes uncertainty; 'es sei denn' (unless) expresses the sole exception.

At B2, purpose can also be expressed with nominalization for stylistic variety: 'zwecks' + genitive, 'zum Zweck' + genitive, instead of the 'damit'/'um...zu' clauses learned at A2/B1.

A noun-modifying attribute can be expressed with the genitive (des/der + noun) or a prepositional phrase (von/für/über + noun), depending on style and the semantic relationship.

Modal particles (doch, ja, eben, halt, mal...) have no clear dictionary meaning; they only add the speaker's emotional nuance/attitude to a sentence.

Text connectors (folglich, dennoch, allerdings...) link independent sentences to build coherent argumentation, usually starting the sentence and triggering inversion (V2).

'nachdem' requires an earlier tense in the subordinate clause (past perfect if the main clause is simple past); 'bevor' and 'sobald' are more flexible with tense but must still reflect the correct time sequence.

In formal writing, an element other than the subject can be fronted to position 1 for emphasis, as long as the verb still keeps position 2 (V2).

In long news/report texts, Konjunktiv I/II reported speech is maintained across several consecutive sentences without needing to repeat 'dass'/the reporting verb in each one.